Correct loading is about symmetry and weight, not just “same number of tubes”. With fixed-angle rotors, the guide stresses symmetrical loading and equal weight in opposing positions. It also recommends weighing vessels to minimise differences, because imbalance increases noise and mechanical wear and can affect run quality.
Lubrication is not about making everything slippery. It is about protecting specific threads and fasteners so they do not seize, wear, or twist seals during tightening. The guide recommends applying a thin layer of petroleum jelly (for example Vaseline) to rotor bolts after cleaning or autoclaving, and also when swing-out arms do not move freely, because lubrication reduces friction and prevents damage from repeated tightening.
Sterilisation is often necessary, but it needs discipline. For autoclaving, the guide sets out typical conditions of 15 to 20 minutes at 121°C at 1 bar, and it warns against exceeding 20 minutes because over-sterilising reduces mechanical resistance over time, particularly for plastics. It also notes that many polypropylene accessories can be autoclaved, but repeated cycles still cause gradual degradation.
Aerosol-tight systems only work when the seal is in good condition and correctly seated. The guide advises inspecting seals regularly and replacing them immediately if they are dirty, discoloured, cracked, brittle, or damaged, because even small defects can compromise containment.
Rotor damage is usually slow and predictable. Corrosion and staining typically start when residues are left behind after runs, especially salts or aggressive chemicals, and when moisture sits in contact with metal surfaces. Condensation inside the rotor chamber is a common contributor, particularly in humid environments or when tubes are not properly sealed.
You should treat cleaning as routine maintenance, not something you only do after a spill. The guide recommends a regular cycle of cleaning and maintenance every ten to fifteen runs, and at least weekly, because residues and moisture build up quietly and then cause corrosion, odours, and performance issues.
